Compare Montenegro (2006) - Norfolk Island (2005)

Compare Montenegro (2006) z Norfolk Island (2005)

	Montenegro (2006)	Norfolk Island (2005)

Administrative divisions	21 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Andrijevia, Bar, Berane, Bijelo Polje, Budva, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Herceg Novi, Kolasin, Kotor, Mojkovac, Niksic, Plav, Pluzine, Pljevlja, Podgornica, Rozaje, Savnik, Tivat, Ulcinj, Zabljak	none (territory of Australia)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 20.2% 15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	grains, tobacco, potatoes, citrus fruits, olives, grapes; sheepherding; commercial fishing negligible	Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry
Airports	5 (2006)	1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2006)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2006)	-
Area	total: 14,026 sq km land: 13,812 sq km water: 214 sq km	total: 34.6 sq km land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The use of the name Montenegro began in the 15th century when the Crnojevic dynasty began to rule the Serbian principality of Zeta; over subsequent centuries it was able to maintain its independence from the Ottoman Empire. From the 16th to 19th centuries, Montenegro became a theocratic state ruled by a series of bishop princes; in 1852, it was transformed into a secular principality. After World War I, Montenegro was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and, at the conclusion of World War II, it became a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. When the latter dissolved in 1992, Montenegro federated with Serbia, first as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and, after 2003, in a looser union of Serbia and Montenegro. Following a three-year postponement, Montenegro held an independence referendum in the spring of 2006 under rules set by the EU. The vote for severing ties with Serbia exceeded the 55% threshold, allowing Montenegro to formally declare its independence on 3 June 2006.	Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions.
Birth rate	12.6 births/1,000 population (2004)	NA
Budget	revenues: NA expenditures: NA	revenues: $20 million expenditures: $20 million, including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00)
Capital	name: Podgorica (administrative capital) geographic coordinates: 42 26 N, 19 16 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: Cetinje (capital city)	Kingston
Climate	Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland	subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	293.5 km	32 km
Constitution	12 October 1992 (was approved by the Assembly)	Norfolk Island Act of 1979
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Montenegro conventional short form: Montenegro local long form: Republika Crna Gora local short form: Crna Gora former: People's Republic of Montenegro, Socialist Republic of Montenegro	conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island conventional short form: Norfolk Island
Death rate	9.2 deaths/1,000 population (2004)	NA
Debt - external	NA	NA
Dependency status	-	territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories
Diplomatic representation from the US	-	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Miodrag VLAHOVIC	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	ethnic Albanians in Kosovo refuse demarcation of the boundary with Macedonia in accordance with the 2000 Macedonia-Serbia and Montenegro delimitation agreement, which includes a section of boundary with Montenegro	none
Economic aid - recipient	NA	NA
Economy - overview	The republic of Montenegro severed its economy from federal control and from Serbia during the MILOSEVIC era and continues to maintain its own central bank, uses the euro instead of the Yugoslav dinar as official currency, collects customs tariffs, and manages its own budget. The dissolution of the loose political union between Serbia and Montenegro in 2006 led to separate membership in several international financial institutions, such as the IMF, World Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Montenegro is pursuing its own membership in the World Trade Organization as well as negotiating a Stabilization and Association agreement with the European Union in anticipation of eventual membership. Severe unemployment remains a key political and economic problem for this entire region. Montenegro has privatized its large aluminum complex - the dominant industry - as well as most of its financial sector, and has begun to attract foreign direct investment in the tourism sector.	Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs.
Electricity - consumption	NA	NA kWh
Electricity - production	2.864 billion kWh 2.864 billion kWh (2005 est.)	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
Environment - current issues	pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor	NA
Ethnic groups	Montenegrin 43%, Serbian 32%, Bosniak 8%, Albanian 5%, other (Muslims, Croats, Roma) 12%	descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8089 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Filip VUJANOVIC (since 11 May 2003) head of government: Prime Minister Zeljko STURANOVIC (since 10 November 2006) cabinet: Ministries act as cabinet elections: president elected by direct vote for five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held in 2008); prime minister proposed by president, accepted by Assembly election results: Filip VUJANOVIC elected on the third round; Filip VUJANOVIC 63.3%, Miodrag ZIVKOVIC 30.8%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003) head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 Ocotber 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2%
Exports	$171.3 million (2003)	$1.5 million f.o.b. (FY99/00)
Exports - commodities	-	postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados
Exports - partners	Switzerland 83.9%, Italy 6.1%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.3% (2003)	Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	a red field bordered by a narrow golden-yellow stripe with the Montenegrin coat of arms centered	three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: % NA industry: % NA services: % NA	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - NA
GDP - real growth rate	NA	NA
Geographic coordinates	42 30 N, 19 18 E	29 02 S, 167 57 E
Geography - note	strategic location along the Adriatic coast	most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated
Highways	-	total: 80 km paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	$601.7 million (2003)	$17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92)
Imports - commodities	-	NA
Imports - partners	Greece 10.2%, Italy 10.2%, Germany 9.6%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 9.2% (2003)	Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe
Independence	3 June 2006 (from Serbia and Montenegro); note - a referendum on independence was held 21 May 2006	none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA
Industries	steelmaking, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism	tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete
Infant mortality rate	-	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.4% (2004)	NA
International organization participation	CEI, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, ICFTU, ILO, Interpol, IPU, ITU, OSCE, UN, UPU, WHO, WTO (observer)	UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	Constitutional Court (five judges with nine-year terms); Supreme Court (judges have life tenure)	Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions
Labor force	259,100 (2004)	1,345
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 2% industry: 30% services: 68% (2004)	tourism 90%, subsistence agriculture 10%
Land boundaries	total: 625 km border countries: Albania 172 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 225 km, Croatia 25 km, Serbia 203 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 13.7% permanent crops: 1% other: 85.3%	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	Serbian (Ijekavian dialect - official), Bosnian, Albanian, Croatian	English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian
Legal system	based on civil law system	based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law
Legislative branch	unicameral Assembly (81 seats, elected by direct vote for four-year terms; changed from 74 seats at the time of the elections) elections: last held 10 September 2006 (next to be held 2010) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Coalition for a European Montenegro 41, SNS 12, Coalition SPP/NS/DSS 11, PZP 11, Liberals and Bosniaks 3, Democratic League-Democratic Prosperity 1, Democratic Union of Albanians 1, Albanian Alternative 1	unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms) elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties)
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	-	NA
Location	Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
Map references	Europe	Oceania
Maritime claims	NA	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 9,458 GRT/10,172 DWT by type: cargo 4 registered in other countries: 4 (Bahamas 2, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2) (2006)	-
Military - note	Montenegrin plans call for the establishment of a fully professional armed forces	defense is the responsibility of Australia
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$2.306 billion	-
National holiday	National Day, 13 July	Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856)
Nationality	noun: Montenegrin(s) adjective: Montenegrin	noun: Norfolk Islander(s) adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)
Natural hazards	destructive earthquakes	typhoons (especially May to July)
Natural resources	bauxite, hydroelectricity	fish
Net migration rate	-	NA
Political parties and leaders	Albanian Alternative or AA; Bosniak Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC]; Coalition for a European Montenegro (Democratic Party of Socialists or DPS and Social Democratic Party or SDP) [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Coalition SPP/NS/DSS; Democratic League-Party of Democratic Prosperity [Mehmet BARHDI]; Democratic Serbian Party of Montenegro or DSS; Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Ferhat DINOSA]; Liberal Party of Montenegro or LP [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC]; Movement for Changes or PZP [Nebojsa MEDOJEVIC]; People's Party of Montenegro or NS [Predrag POPOVIC]; Serbian People's Party of Montenegro or SNS [Andrija MANDIC]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]; Social Democratic Party of Montenegro or DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Socialist People's Party or SNP [Predrag BULATOVIC]	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	none
Population	630,548 (2004)	1,828 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	12.2% (2003)	NA
Population growth rate	3.5% (2004)	-0.01% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade
Radio broadcast stations	31 (2004)	AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)
Railways	total: 250 km standard gauge: 250 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified 169 km) (2005)	-
Religions	Orthodox, Muslim, Roman Catholic	Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census)
Sex ratio	-	NA
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: modern telecommunications system with access to European satellites domestic: GSM wireless service, available through two providers with national coverage, is growing rapidly international: country code - 382 (the old code of 381 used by Serbia and Montenegro will also remain in use until Feb 2007); two international switches connect the national system	general assessment: adequate domestic: free local calls international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station
Telephones - main lines in use	177,663 (2005)	2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004)
Telephones - mobile cellular	543,220 (2005)	0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002)
Television broadcast stations	13 (2004)	1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005)
Terrain	highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus	volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains
Total fertility rate	-	NA
Unemployment rate	27.7% (2005)	0%

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